HEXAGRAM or SIX-POINTED STAR

When surrounded by a circle, it represents the “divine mind” to many occult groups throughout the centuries. Many still use it in occult rituals. But to Jewish people, it is their Star of David.

When surrounded by a circle, it represents the “divine mind” to many occult groups throughout the centuries. Many still use it in occult rituals. But to Jewish people, it is their Star of David.
Let’s Talk Witch – Sigils and Symbols Used In Magick
Sigils, symbols and names are often carved into candles to add to the intent, power and purpose of the spell.
To draw something to you carve your symbol or sigil into the candle by starting from the bottom and make your sigil ‘grow’ moving it upwards. To banish something start your carving from the top of the candle moving downwards.
If you are drawing letters you can stack them, by drawing each letter one over the top of another. Again if you are drawing something to you start to carve at the bottom of the candle and if you are banishing something start at the top.
The spiral method means you start your carving at the bottom of the candle and move to the right, spiralling the letters of your carving upwards to bring something towards you, or start at the top and spiral downwards to banish something.
For a straightforward carving just draw your design in the middle of the candle, it could be a heart for a love spell or a pound/ dollar sign to draw money.
To reverse a spell or when banishing negativity, you could try writing a word backwards on the candle.
If you don’t want anyone to see what you have carved into the candle use a needle as this makes a very fine line and even you probably won’t be able to make out the end result, but the important thing is that spirit will.
Another way of hiding what you are doing is by carving your intent on the base of the candle so that no one can see it.
Source:
Pagan Portals – Hoodoo: Folk Magic Patterson, Rachel
The sun face is a symbol that has been central to most major spiritual systems throughout history. Since the sun god usually reigned over a pantheon of lesser gods. His symbol played a vital part in pagan worship (and in the rituals of occult secret societies) around the world. In Inca myths, the sun was worshipped as the divine ancestor of the nation. The sun was worshipped as a personified, life-giving deity in Babylonian, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, and other major civilizations of history. The more common symbol is the familiar face in the center of the sun’s rays. A dot or point in the center of a circle symbolizes the blending of male and female forces. Hindus call the midpoint in a circle the bindu – the spark of masculine life within the cosmic womb.
363 Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a campaign that brings about his own death
1046 Persian scholar Naser Khosrow begins the 7 year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnama
1496 English King Henry VII grants John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) a commission to explore for new lands
1770 Boston Massacre (Incident on King Street): British soldiers kill 5 men in a crowd throwing snowballs, stones and sticks at them. African American Crispus Attucks 1st to die; later held up as early black martyr. Massacre galvanizes anti-British feelings.
1946 Winston Churchill‘s “Iron Curtain” speech in Fulton, Missouri, popularizes the term and draws attention to the division of Europe

363 Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a campaign that brings about his own death
1046 Persian scholar Naser Khosrow begins the 7 year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnama
1179 3rd Lateran Council (11th ecumenical council) opens in Rome
1496 English King Henry VII grants John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) a commission to explore for new lands
1528 Utrecht governor Maarten van Rossum plunders The Hague
1558 Smoking tobacco introduced into Europe by Spanish physician Francisco Fernandes
1579 Betuwe joins Union of Utrecht
1616 Astronomical work ‘de Revolutionibus’ by Nicolaus Copernicus placed on Catholic Forbidden index

1936 8th Academy Awards: “Mutiny on the Bounty”, Victor McLaglen & Bette Davis wins
1953 6th British Film and Television Awards (BAFTAs): “The Sound Barrier” Best Film
1955 WBBJ TV channel 7 in Jackson, TN (ABC) begins broadcasting
1956 “King Kong” 1st televised
1956 Capitol Records releases “Songs for Swingin’ Lovers!”, the tenth album by American singer Frank Sinatra: upbeat collection of pop tunes with jazz arrangements by Nelson Riddle became the first album ever to top the new UK Albums Chart
1958 KDUH TV channel 4 in Scottsbluff-Hay Spring, NB (ABC) 1st broadcast
1959 16th Golden Globes: “The Defiant Ones”, David Niven, & Susan Hayward win
1962 19th Golden Globes: “The Guns of Navarone”, Maximilian Schell, & Geraldine Page win

1807 1st performance of Ludwig van Beethoven‘s 4th Symphony in B
1853 Piano company Steinway & Sons founded by Heinrich Steinweg (later Henry Steinway) in New York City
1856 Covent Garden Opera House, London, destroyed in a fire
1868 Arrigo Boito’s opera “Mefistofele” premieres in Milan
1899 1st performance of Edward MacDowell’s 2nd Concerto in D
1907 1st radio broadcast of a musical composition aired
1919 Louis Hirsch & Harold Atteridge’s musical premieres in NYC
1942 World première of Dmitri Shostakovich‘ 7th Symphony in Kuybyshev, Russia

1840 2nd Grand National: Bartholomew Bretherton wins aboard 16/1 Jerry; a then smallest field of 13
1845 7th Grand National: William Loft aboard outsider Cure-All wins in record time of 10 minutes, 47 seconds
1910 Stanley Cup, Dey’s Arena, Ottawa, ON: Montreal Wanderers beat Ottawa Senators, 3-1
1949 Bradman plays his last innings in 1st-class cricket, gets 30
1955 2nd ACC Men’s Basketball Tournament: NC State beats Duke, 87-77
1960 7th ACC Men’s Basketball Tournament: Duke beats Wake Forest, 63-59
1960 Ice Dance Championship at Vancouver won by Denny & Jones (GRB)
1960 Men’s Figure Skating Championship in Vancouver won by Alain Giletti (FRA)
Witchcraft seems like a particularly buzzy topic these days, with books, blogs, and more delivering ancient magic to a modern audience. But while stylized Tarot cards and light-catching crystals have their place, the shift from intrigued observer to practicing pagan can be a daunting one. So why not start the process by determining which brand of witchery resonates with you?
Read on to learn about five specialized takes on witchcraft—and where the variants came from.
A comic witch is a witch who uses planetary and celestial energy in their practice. They study and feel a personal and spiritual connection with not only the main planets in our solar system, but with asteroids, meteors, supernovas, stars, constellations, galaxies, and black holes. Cosmic witches pay particular attention to astrology, horoscopes, and zodiac signs—but that only gives us a picture of how the cosmic forces influence the individual. Cosmic witches are focused on how celestial energy influences the inner self, but also the world.
Cosmic witches have been around since the study of planets. According to the American Federation of Astrologers, the Babylonians are credited with the birth of astrology. They used their astrological charts to predict the “recurrence of seasons and certain celestial events.” Around 2000 B.C., Babylonian astrologers believed that the sun, moon, and the five known planets (Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto had yet to be discovered) all had distinct character traits (Mercury representing communication, Venus representing affection, and so on). Cosmic witches use these planetary traits to call upon their energy. For example, many witches choose to perform spells on a full moon because the full illumination can create an extra magical boost and enchantment—and the rock itself is said to align with emotions and the soul.
A present-day cosmic witch may not be using astrology to predict the weather, but rather to predict future events or influences. For example, it’s beneficial for a cosmic witch to know when Mercury is in retrograde, and in which sign, because it will allow them to determine where communication breakdowns will occur, and in what guise. If a cosmic which was planning to perform a love spell, their best chance of having it being successful during a new moon which corresponds with new beginnings and relationships.
A divination witch uses their magic to try to predict the future, often employing a variety of tools—or one that resonates. There are so many mediums with which to connect into the magic of the world: think Tarot, oracle cards, a pendulum, the I Ching, palmistry, and tasseography, and more.
Divination and divination witches have existed in just about every time period in history. In ancient Greece, divination witches were known as Oracles, and it was believed that deities spoke through them. A famous oracle was high priestess Pythia—known as the Oracle of Delphi—who was thought to be the mouthpiece of the god, Apollo. Every culture has its own form of divination. In ancient China, the diviner would carve out their question onto an ox bone until it cracked, and then the cracks were analyzed.
Today, divination witches don’t claim to be the mouthpiece of the gods, instead using divination predict likely answers to simple queries like, “Am I on the right career path?” or “Does this relationship stand a chance?” And in true modern fashion, divination methods like Tarot can even be found on our phones.
A green witch works with magical properties found in the natural world. Their craft is based on respecting nature and all living things. Green witches focus on the magical correspondence of herbs, plants, and flowers. This incorporates herbalism, which is the study of botany and use of plants intended for medicinal purposes.
Herbalism is found in many cultures, but Chinese herbal medicine is one of the ancient variations still practiced today. Chinese herbology is based on the concepts of yin, yang, and Qi energy, where the herbs can either cool (yin) or stimulate (yang) certain parts of the body, the concept used for ritual and spiritual practices as well as medicinal. In parts of Africa, an herb known as purslane was used for purification during and after ritual ceremonies, while in some Scandinavian countries, clover was once used to ward off evils spirits and help develop psychic ability. In folk magic tradition, chamomile is said known to bring luck.
Today, green witches still take herbal magic very seriously, using essential oils and creating small physic gardens in their own apartment. Be aware that this is a learned art: it’s extremely important to know the health effects of the herbs you plan to use or ingest as well as the magical benefits.
A kitchen witch practices magic within their own home. Their magic is not based on any divine power or spiritual guidance, but that magic that can be found in the everyday routine. Their craft comes out while cooking, baking, and nesting while tapping into the power of their own intention.
Witchcraft and cooking have always gone hand-in-hand. During the late 15th and mid-18th century many of the 200,000 witches (mostly women) were tortured, hanged, or burned at the stake were accused of poisoning food. Even now, our classic image of a witch persists as a woman stirring her cauldron. There has always been a magical and ritualistic nature surrounding food. Like green witchcraft, kitchen witches use herbalism in their food-based magic—but kitchen witchery isn’t just about food. It can also be making a homemade offering to a deity, cleansing and protection your home, and so on.
A sea witch, also known as a water witch, works with the element water in order to tap into their magic. They feel a deep, powerful connection to the water—whether it is the ocean, sea, or lake. This powerful pull leads them to be more aware of their own mystical energies.
Sea witches have been found in many cultures throughout history. From the sea nymph Calypso of The Odyssey; Sycorax of Shakespeare’s play The Tempest; even Ursula in Disney’s The Little Mermaid. However, sea witches have a deeper history in mythology. In Norse mythology, sea witches were magical, malevolent feminine spirits who often took the form of mermaids. These witches believed that their power and bond over the sea and tides was born of their worship for the moon. The triple goddess symbol holds particularly deep meaning for sea witches, as it represents the three phases of the monthly lunar cycle: waxing, full, and waning.
Along with praying to the moon, sea witches have had a long history with practicing dowsing, a method of divination for finding water, metals, even grave sites underground by using a Y-shaped stick made of hazel. Dowsing has been around since the Middle Ages, used frequently in Europe until its association with witchcraft caused the practice to be shunned; its legitimacy as a science is still up for debate. Contemporary sea witches may not be luring sailors to their deaths, but they are still incorporating water, weather, and the moon into their practices, finding their own magical connection with the sea.

Magickal Intentions: Spirit Communications, Meditation, Psychic Attack or Defense, Locating Lost Things and Missing Persons, Building, Life, Doctrine, Protection, Knowledge, Authority, Limitations, Boundaries, Time and Death
Incense: Black Poppy Seed and Myrrh
Planet: Saturn
Sign: Capricorn and Aquarius
Angel: Cassiel
Colors: Black, Grey and Indigo
Herbs/Plants: Myrrh, Moss, Hemlock, Wolfsbane, Coltsfoot, Nightshade and Fir
Stones: Jet, Smokey Quartz, Amethyst, Black Onyx, Snowflake Obsidian, Lava, Pumice
Oil: (Saturn) Cypress, Mimosa, Myrrh, Patchouli
Saturn lends its energies to the last day of the week. Because Saturn is the planet of karma, this day is an excellent time for spellwork involving reincarnation, karmic lessons, the Mysteries, wisdom, and long-term projects. It is also a good time to being efforts that deal with the elderly, death, or the eradication of pests and disease.
1238 Battle of the Sit River: Mongol forces of Batu Khan overcome Russians under Yuri II of Vladimir-Suzdal near Yaroslavl in Russia, ending Russian resistance
1801 Thomas Jefferson is the first US President to be inaugurated in Washington, D.C.
1861 Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated as the 16th US President
1902 American Automobile Association (AAA) founded in Chicago
1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt inaugurated as 32nd US President, pledges to pull US out of the Depression, “We have nothing to fear but fear itself”
1936 1st flight of the airship Hindenburg at Friedrichshafen, Germany
2009 International Criminal Court issues an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur becoming the first sitting head of state to be indicted

51 Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title princeps iuventutis (head of the youth)
306 Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia
852 Croatian Duke Trpimir I issued a statute, a document with the first known written mention of the Croats name in Croatian sources
938 Translation of the relics of martyr Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia, the patron saint of the Czech state
1152 Frederick I Barbarossa elected Holy Roman Emperor
1215 King John of England makes an oath to the Pope as a crusader to gain the support of Innocent III
1238 Battle of the Sit River: Mongol forces of Batu Khan overcome Russians under Yuri II of Vladimir-Suzdal near Yaroslavl in Russia, ending Russian resistance
1351 Ramathibodi becomes King of Siam

1841 Dion Boucicault‘s stage comedy “London Assurance” opens at Theatre Royal, Covent Garden, London
1922 1st vampire film “Nosferatu”, an un-authorized adaptation of Bram Stoker‘s Dracula, premieres at the Berlin Zoological Garden, Germany
1937 9th Academy Awards: “The Great Ziegfeld”, Paul Muni & Luise Rainer wins
1943 15th Academy Awards: “Mrs. Miniver”, James Cagney & Greer Garson win
1947 WWJ (now WDIV) TV channel 4 in Detroit, MI (NBC) begins broadcasting
1965 David Attenborough becomes the new controller of BBC2
1976 2nd People’s Choice Awards: John Wayne & Katharine Hepburn win (Motion Picture) and Telly Savalas & Carol Burnett win (TV)

1830 Vincenzo Bellini’s opera “I Capuleti e i Montecchi” premieres at the Teatro La Fenice in Venice, Italy
1877 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky’s ballet “Swan Lake” has its world premiere, performed by the Bolshoi Ballet in Moscow
1895 Gustav Mahler conducts the premiere of his incomplete 2nd Symphony (“Resurrection”) in Berlin, Germany, with the Berlin Philharmonic; complete version debuts in December
1913 Gabriel Faure’s opera “Pénélope”, based on Homer’s “The Odyssey”, premieres at the Salle Garnie, in Monte Carlo, Monaco
1966 John Lennon says “We (the Beatles) are more popular than Jesus”
1968 3rd Academy of Country Music Awards: Glen Campbell and Lynn Anderson win
1973 15th Grammy Awards: 1st Time Ever I Saw Your Face, America
1977 Roger Sessions’ 6th Symphony premieres (in fully completed form) in New York City with José Serebrier conducting the Juilliard Orchestra

1846 8th Grand National: William Taylor aboard outsider Pioneer wins by 3 lengths from Culverthorpe
1857 19th Grand National: Charlie Boyce wins aboard Emigrant at 10/1
1868 30th Grand National: George Ede victorious aboard Irish 9/1 shot The Lamb; horse wins second GN in 1871
1903 Stanley Cup, Montreal Arena, Westmount, Quebec: Montreal HC beats Winnipeg Victorias, 4-1 for a 2-1 challenge series victory
1913 NY Yankees are 1st to train outside US (Bermuda)
1927 Babe Ruth becomes the highest-paid player in MLB history when he signs 3-year, $70,000 per season contract with the New York Yankees
1931 Don Bradman is bowled for a rare first ball duck by Herman Griffith (4-50) on the last day of 5th cricket Test vs West Indies in Sydney; Windies win by 31 runs but lose series to Australia, 4-1
1933 Noordwijk soccer team forms
Some terms listed on this page may seem like common-sense words; however, they’re defined here as most often used in Wicca, Witchcraft, and general Paganism. Some terms have a different meaning in general society, other religions, and other sub-cultures.
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1575 Indian Mughal Emperor Akbar defeats Bengali army at the Battle of Tukaroi
1857 Second Opium War: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China
1861 Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs and granting them the full rights of free citizens [O.S. Feb 19]
1887 Anne Sullivan begins teaching 6 year old blind-deaf Helen Keller
1917 1st major strike of the Russian “February Revolution” starts at the giant Putilov factory in Petrograd [OS=Feb 18]
1921 Toronto’s Dr Banting & Dr Best announce discovery of insulin
1939 Mahatma Gandhi begins a fast in Mumbai (Bombay) to protest against autocratic rule in India
1943 Battle of the Bismarck Sea: Australian and American air forces devastate Japanese navy convoy
1991 Los Angeles police officers severely beat motorist Rodney King, the beating is famously captured on amateur video and later leads to riots when the police officers are acquitted

78 Origin of Saka Era (India)
468 St Simplicius elected to succeed Catholic Pope Hilarius
473 Glycerius appointed a puppet Emperor of the Western Empire by Burgundian king and patrician Gundobad (deposed 474)
493 Ostrogoten King Theodorik the Great beats Odoaker
1284 Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England
1409 Austrian civil war ends
1431 Bishop Gabriele Condulmer elected as Pope Eugene IV
1575 Indian Mughal Emperor Akbar defeats Bengali army at the Battle of Tukaroi

1958 KTVU TV channel 2 in Oakland-San Francisco, California (IND) 1st broadcast
1966 WRFT (now WVFT) TV channel 27 in Roanoke, VA (IND) begins broadcasting
1975 1st People’s Choice Awards: John Wayne & Barbra Streisand win (Motion Pictures) and Alan Alda, Telly Savalas & Mary Tyler Moore win (TV)
1985 “Moonlighting” with Cybill Shepard & Bruce Willis premieres on ABC TV in the US
1990 Carole Gist (20) is the 1st African American to be crowned Miss USA in Wichita, Kansas
2002 33rd NAACP Image Awards: “Ali” wins Outstanding Motion Picture
2005 American rapper 50 Cent releases his album “The Massacre” (2005 Billboard Album of the Year, Grammy Award nomination for Best Rap Album 2006)
2006 37th NAACP Image Awards: “Crash” wins Outstanding Motion Picture

1794 1st performance of Joseph Haydn’s 101st Symphony in D (“The Clock”) at the Hanover Rooms, in London, England
1842 1st performance of Felix Mendelssohn‘s 3rd (“Scottish”) Symphony in Leipzig Gewandhaus
1875 Georges Bizet‘s last and greatest opera “Carmen” premieres at the Opéra-Comique in Paris, France
1931 “The Star-Spangled Banner” officially becomes US national anthem by congressional resolution; lyrics by Francis Scott Key in 1814, set to John Stafford Smith’s 18th century tune “The Anacreontic Song”
1931 Cab Calloway records “Minnie the Moocher” (Jazz’s 1st million seller)
1940 American bandleader Artie Shaw records “Frenesi” on RCA Victor label
1944 Premiere performance of US Army Corporal Samuel Barber‘s 2nd Symphony by the Boston Symphony, conducted by Serge Koussevitzky in Boston, Massachusetts
1955 Elvis Presley makes his 1st TV appearance on a broadcast of radio show “Louisiana Hayride”

1841 3rd Grand National: Horatio Powell wins aboard 14/1 Charity; first mare to win the race
1847 9th Grand National: Denny Wynne wins aboard 10/1 Mathew; regarded as the first Irish-trained horse to win the race
1852 14th Grand National: Alec Goodman wins first of 2 GN victories (1866) aboard Miss Mowbray
1869 31st Grand National: George Stevens wins his 4th GN aboard 100/7 outsider The Colonel; repeats with back-to-back victories the following year
1883 In the series decider England beats Scotland, 2 tries to 1 at Raeburn Place, Edinburgh to win the inaugural Home Nations Rugby Championship with an undefeated record
1904 England cricket all-rounder Bernard Bosanquet takes 6 for 51 as tourists dismiss Australia for 171 in the 4th Test in Sydney to regain the Ashes; take an unassailable, 3-1 series lead
1920 Montreal Canadiens scores NHL record 16 goals beating Quebec Bulldogs
1950 National-American Football League reverts to calling itself the NFL after 3 months

Soul contracts are based on the notion that before incarnating into a new body, our souls correspond other’s souls. During these prenatal meetings, human souls negotiate agreements to collaborate and develop further on Earth.
Positive and unpleasant experiences build our souls’, to borrow a phrase from Aldous Huxley. However, in order to participate in them, we require the help of other folks – and other souls.
These soul contracts assist us in achieving our life’s purpose. In a nutshell, these individuals aid us in learning all we need to know about humans. These ties are often claimed to have a spiritual bond.
During our time on Earth, we feel the greatest when we’re around individuals with whom we have shared soul agreements. There are, however, some connections that cause us unendurable agony in order to assist us progress in life. Both love and distress exist in these connections.
According to the theory of a soul contract, before we incarnate in this lifetime, we correspond with a specific soul. The two souls then meet and negotiate an agreement to collaborate and grow together on Earth. In order to do that, we require the help from other people – and other souls.
These contracts aren’t written in stone. They’re created to stimulate our spiritual growth, just like any other decision we make in life. However, when two souls are meant for each other, their connection will bring them the greatest happiness.
1791 Long-distance communication speeds up with the unveiling of a semaphore machine in Paris
1796 Napoléon Bonaparte is appointed Commander-in-Chief of the French Army in Italy
1807 US Congress bans the slave trade within the US, effective January 1, 1808
1888 The Convention of Constantinople signed, guaranteeing free maritime passage through the Suez Canal during war and peace
1946 Ho Chi Minh elected President of North Vietnam
1956 Morocco tears up the Treaty of Fez, declaring independence from France
1970 White government of Rhodesia declares itself a republic
2002 U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: US conventional forces first deployed as part of Operation Anaconda

986 Louis V becomes King of the Franks.
1121 Dirk VI becomes count of Holland
1127 Assassination of Charles the Good, Count of Flanders
1458 Hussite George van Podiebrad chosen king of Bohemia
1498 Vasco da Gama‘s fleet visits Mozambique Island
1629 English King Charles I dissolves Parliament against opposition, imprisoning 9 members of parliament
1657 Great Fire of Meireki destroys 60-70% of the Japanese capital city of Edo, killing an estimated 100,000 people
1675 Prince William III installed as governor of Overijssel

1933 “King Kong” film directed by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack, starring Fay Wray premieres at Radio City Music Hall and RKO Roxy in NYC
1940 The first televised intercollegiate track meet is seen in NYC on W2XBS; NYU wins the meet presented live from Madison Square Garden
1942 14th Academy Awards: “How Green was My Valley”, Gary Cooper, and Joan Fontaine win
1944 16th Academy Awards: “Casablanca”, Jennifer Jones & Paul Lukas win
1964 Beatles begin filming “A Hard Day’s Night”, George Harrison meets future wife Pattie Boyd
1965 One of the most popular musical films of all time, “The Sound of Music”, starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer, premieres (Academy Awards Best Picture – 1966)

1789 Pennsylvania ends prohibition of theatrical performances
1825 1st grand opera in US sung in English, NYC
1956 “Lawdy Miss Clawdy” single cover released by Elvis Presley
1959 Ceremony to mark the start of construction of the Sydney Opera House at Bennelong Point, Sydney
1961 Eaton Magoon’s musical “13 Daughters”, starring Don Ameche and Sylvia Syms, opens at 54th St Theater, NYC; runs for 28 performances
1969 Dmitri Shostakovich completes his 14th Symphony
1970 Reprise Records releases “Ladies of the Canyon”, Canadian singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell‘s 3rd studio album
1974 16th Grammy Awards: Roberta Flack Best Record – “Killing Me Softly”, Stevie Wonder Best Album – “Innervisions”

1842 4th Grand National: Tom Olliver aboard 7/1 Gaylad wins by 4 lengths from Seventy Four
1853 15th Grand National: Tom Oliver aboard Peter Simple wins his third GN Steeplechase and the stallion’s second; oldest horse to win event at 15
1859 21st Grand National: Chris Green aboard 7/1 Half Caste wins by only a short neck from Jean Du Quesne
1874 National Association of Professional Baseball Players officially adopts the batter’s box; decide any player betting on his own team will be expelled; any player betting on any other team to forfeit his pay
1890 Norwegian speed skater Oskar Fredriksen sets inaugural 5,000m world record of 9:19.8 in Stockholm, Sweden
1896 Best 9-wicket haul in cricket history; George Lohmann takes 9-28 as England beats South Africa by an innings and 197 runs in 2nd Test at Johannesburg
1898 Chasing winning target of 275, Australian cricket batsman Joe Darling bashes 160 in 171 minutes with 30 fours to lead Australia to a 6-wicket 5th Test win over England in Sydney; complete 4-1 series rout
1904 Stanley Cup, Montreal Arena, Westmount, Quebec: Montreal Wanderers and Ottawa HC tie, 5-5; Montreal disqualified for refusing to play second game in Ottawa

You’re about to learn what a soul contract is, how it affects you and how you can maximise the impact of soul contracts in this life.
In my role as a life coach, I like to learn about these spiritual ideas, so I am able to work with a broader range of clients.
Now, I’m excited to share these ideas with you.
Let’s dive right into it.
Cattywampus / Adjective / cat·ty·wam·pus
Cattywampus is an American-based colloquialism or slang that etymologists believe to be of Scottish influence. We use “cattywampus” in the English language as an adjective. The word has alternate spellings and we also use it as “catawampus.” This American-based noun modifier has a multi-part description. In one sense of the word, “cattywampus” describes people, places or things we believe to be fierce, animal-like or savage. When used in this sense, the word describes someone we see as frightening.
The cattywampus became upset and lunged at me!
I’m terribly afraid of a “cattywampus” staring at me when I ride public transportation.
That “cattywampus” of a woman is coming this way, and she looks very upset!
Etymologists say we find the word “cattywampus” used in North American-based slang in the late 1800s. American English-speakers used “cattywampus” to describe people with outrageous temperaments and those seen to go “off-kilter” or ‘awry’ with little provocation. This colloquial slang has been in use with its original definition since its inception in 1864.
Awry, Twisted
Affable, Hospitable
In my family we used this word to mean something being off kilter.

White flower symbolism includes purity, innocence, faith, spiritual enlightenment, and messages from angels. In addition, it can symbolize femininity. Because of these meanings, many people associate the color white with new beginnings, such as weddings, births, and memorial services.
Because white flowers are given at funerals and memorials, many think white flowers represent death. However, the gift of white flowers is to honor the transition of the loved one to the spiritual realm. In a sense, the color white exemplifies honor for the cycle of life.
It’s important to keep in mind that white flower symbolism can have slight variations based on the type of flower. For example, white poppies symbolize restful sleep and the eternal life of the soul. White irises symbolize hope for new beginnings.
Thus, people often give them as gifts when babies are born or christened. In addition, brides and bride’s maids will carry them in their bouquets. A white lotus flower, on the other hand, symbolizes divine feminine energy, fertility, and spiritual enlightenment. While white lilies symbolize purity, beauty, faith, and angels.
527 Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne
1748 Ruins of Pompeii rediscovered by Spaniard Rocque Joaquin de Alcubierre
1952 Big Bang theory proposed in Physical Review by Alpher, Bethe & George Gamow
1974 Ayatollah Khomeini calls for an Islamic Republic in Iran
1976 Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs found Apple Computer in the garage of Jobs’ parents house in Cupertino, California
2001 Netherlands becomes the first country in the world to make same-sex marriage legal
(Lady Beltane’s dad crossed the veil)

374 Comet 1P/374 E1 (Halley) approaches within 0.0884 AUs of Earth
527 Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne
705 Greek pope John VII chosen as successor to John VI
1064 Body of bishop Eleutherius of Blandain moved to Doornik
1318 Berwick-upon-Tweed is captured by the Scottish from the English.
1340 Niels Ebbesen kills Gerhard III of Holstein in his bedroom, ending the 1332-1340 interregnum in Denmark.
1504 English guilds/corp goes under state control
1515 Portuguese fleet under Afonso de Albuquerque captures the Persian fortress of Ormuz, renaming it the Fort of Our Lady of the Conception

1930 “The Blue Angel” starring Marlene Dietrich in her breakthrough role premieres in Germany
1947 Shin Takarajima (New Treasure Island) by Osamu Tezuka published, first manga cartoon in tankōbon form
1953 KXMC TV channel 13 in Minot, ND (CBS/ABC) begins broadcasting
1954 WQED TV channel 13 in Pittsburgh, PA (PBS) begins broadcasting
1955 WTVT TV channel 13 in Tampa-St Petersburg, FL (CBS) 1st broadcast
1956 KPIC TV channel 4 in Roseburg, OR (CBS) begins broadcasting
1957 WYES-TV channel 12 in New Orleans, Louisiana (PBS) begins broadcasting
1958 KVIQ TV channel 6 in Eureka, CA (NBC/ABC/CBS) begins broadcasting

1822 Italian composer Luigi Cherubini becomes director of the Conservatoire de Paris music college, holds position for nearly 20 years
1956 10th Tony Awards: “The Diary of Anne Frank” (play) & “Damn Yankees” (musical) win
1964 John Lennon is reunited with his father Freddie after 17 years
1966 “Hold On, I’m Comin'” single released by Sam & Dave
1970 John Lennon and Yoko Ono release hoax they are having dual sex change operations
1972 30,000 attend Mar Y Sol rock concert, Vega Baja, Puerto Rico
1973 John Lennon and Yoko Ono form a new country with no laws or boundaries, called Nutopia, its national anthem is silence
1990 It becomes illegal in Salem Oregon to be within 2 feet of nude dancers

1888 Students from Rotterdam, Netherlands establish a cricket club called Rotterdamsche Cricket & Football Club Sparta which evolves into Sparta Rotterdam
1919 Stanley Cup Final, Seattle Ice Arena, Seattle, WA: With Montreal Canadiens (NHL) & Seattle Metropolitans (PCHA) tied at 2-2-1, trophy not awarded due to worldwide flu epidemic
1920 Stanley Cup Final, Mutual Street Arena, Toronto, ON: Jack Darragh scores a hat-trick as Ottawa Senators (NHL) beat Seattle Metropolitans (PCHA), 6-1 for a 3-2 series win
1926 Montreal Maroons’ Clint Benedict becomes first NHL goalie to record 3 straight playoff shutouts, in a 3-0 win against the visiting Victoria Cougars in Game 2 of the Stanley Cup Championship series
1930 American golfer Bobby Jones starts his Grand Slam season by winning the Southeastern Open by 13 strokes over Horton Smith at the Forest Hills-Ricker Golf Course in Atlanta, Georgia
1930 Chicago Cubs catcher Leo Hartnett breaks the altitude record for a catch by gloving a baseball dropped from the Goodyear blimp 800 feet over Los Angeles, California
1931 Jackie Mitchell becomes the second female (after Lizzie Arlington 1898) in organised baseball when she signs with the Chattanooga Lookouts Baseball Club
1933 England cricket batsman Wally Hammond smashes 34 fours, 10 sixes in a Test record unbeaten 336 in the drawn 2nd Test against New Zealand in Auckland
1642 Georgeana (York) in Maine becomes the 1st incorporated American city
1780 Pennsylvania becomes 1st US state to abolish slavery (for newborns only)
1847 Michigan becomes 1st English-speaking jurisdiction to abolish the death penalty (except for treason against the state)
1869 US Postage stamps showing scenes issued for 1st time. These pictorials showed a post horse and rider, a locomotive, a shield, an eagle and a ship, the Adriatic.
1872 Yellowstone becomes the world’s 1st national park
1954 US explodes Castle Bravo, a 15 megaton hydrogen bomb at Bikini Atoll, which accidentally became the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the US

752 BC Romulus, first king of Rome, celebrates the first Roman triumph after his victory over the Caeninenses, following the Rape of the Sabine Women
86 BC Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army, enters Athens, removing the tyrant Aristion who was supported by troops of Mithridates VI of Pontus
293 Roman emperor Maximianus introduces tetrarchy (rule of four people) elevating Galerius and Constantius Chlorus to Caesar
317 Crispus and Constantine II, sons of Roman Emperor Constantine I, and Licinius the younger, son of Emperor Licinius, raised to rank of Caesar
492 Gelasius I elected Catholic Pope; in office until his d eath in 496
492 St Felix III ends his reign as Catholic Pope
705 John VII begins his reign as Catholic Pope
743 The Roman Council at Estinnes decrees that Christian slaves may not be owned by Jews, fearing that the slaves may convert to Judaism

1864 Louis Ducos du Hauron patents movie machine (never built)
1928 Paul Whiteman and His Orchestra record “Ol’ Man River” for Victor Records featuring Bing Crosby
1941 Captain America created by cartoonists Joe Simon and Jack Kirby is first published by Timely Comics (premiere issue released on December 20, 1940)
1953 After an all-night movie and dinner session with his top advisers, Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses. He dies four days later.
1953 KAUZ TV channel 6 in Wichita Falls, TX (CBS) begins broadcasting
1953 KTNT (now KSTW) TV channel 11 in Tacoma-Seattle, WA (IND) begins
1953 WFBG TV (later WTAJ) channel 10 in Altoona, PA (CBS) begins broadcasting
1953 WJZ-AM in NYC becomes WABC; WJZ-TV in Baltimore final transmission

1956 “Crazy Arms” single released by Ray Price – his 1st no.1 (Billboard Song of the Year 1956)
1957 “Ziegfeld Follies of 1957” opens at Winter Garden NYC for 123 performances
1961 Cellist Jacqueline du Prés debut in Wigmore Hall
1968 Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice‘s musical “Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat” first performed as a 15-minute pop cantata at Colet Court School in London
1969 “Red, White, & Maddox” closes at Cort Theater NYC after 41 performances
1969 After 88 weeks, the Beatles’ album “Sgt Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band” drops off the charts
1969 Jim Morrison allegedly exposes himself on stage at the Dinner Key Auditorium in Miami, Florida
1973 Pink Floyd release their album “Dark Side of the Moon”, since sold over 45 million copies

1843 5th Grand National: Tom Olliver aboard 12/1 Vanguard wins; first year race run as a handicap
1848 10th Grand National: Capt. Josey Little aboard 12/1 Chandler wins; race marred by fatal falls of 3 competitors
1854 16th Grand National: John Tasker wins aboard race favourite Bourton at 4/1
1903 Major League Baseball Rules Committee rule that pitcher’s mound must not be more than 15 inches higher than the baselines or home plate
1910 National Baseball Commission prohibits giving mementos to players on winning World Series teams; decision later reversed, making way for traditional winners’ watches, rings, and stickpins
1919 Future Hockey Hall of Fame center Newsy Lalonde sets a playoff record with 5 goals in the Canadiens’ 6-3 win over Ottawa in NHL Championship Game 3 in Montreal
1921 Spin bowler Arthur Mailey takes 5 for 119 (record 36 wickets for series) to lead Australia to a 9 wicket 5th Test win over England in Sydney; first ever, 5-0 Ashes cricket series win for Australia
1934 Italian boxer Primo Carnera beats American challenger Tommy Loughran by unanimous points decision at Madison Square Garden, NYC for the NYSAC and NBA heavyweight titles
202 BC Coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place, initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty’s rule over China
1710 In the Battle of Helsingborg, 14,000 Danish invaders under Jørgen Rantzau are decisively defeated by an equally sized Swedish force under Magnus Stenbock
1854 Republican Party formally organized in Ripon, Wisconsin
1915 WWI: After the French try to drive the Germans forces back into the Champagne region, they gain a few hundred yards – at the cost of 50,000 casualties
1947 February 28 Massacre: Anti-government uprising in Taiwan is violently put down by Chiang Kai-shek and his Kuomintang-led Republic of China government with the loss of 18,000-28,000 lives. Marks the beginning of the White Terror.
1953 Francis Crick and James Watson discover the chemical structure of DNA-molecule (double-helix polymer) using studies of x-ray diffraction developed by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
1991 Gulf War ends after Iraq accepts a ceasefire following their retreat from Kuwait

202 BC Coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place, initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty’s rule over China
364 Valentinian I becomes Roman Emperor (rules till 375)
870 8th Ecumenical council ends in Constantinople
1570 Anti-Portuguese uprising on Ternate, Moluccas
1638 Scottish Presbyterians sign National Convent, Greyfriars, Edinburgh
1646 Roger Scott tried in Massachusetts for sleeping in church
1653 -Mar 3] 3 Day Sea battle English beat Dutch
1667 English colony Suriname comes under Dutch controls

1940 1st televised basketball game (U of Pitts beats Fordham U, 50-37)
1951 8th Golden Globes: “Sunset Boulevard”, Jose Ferrer, & Gloria Swanson win
1957 14th Golden Globes: The King and I, Kirk Douglas, & Ingrid Bergman win
1966 23rd Golden Globes: “Doctor Zhivago“, Omar Sharif, & Samantha Eggar win
1970 KIIN (now KUN) TV channel 12 in Iowa City, IA (PBS) 1st broadcast
1970 WUTR TV channel 20 in Utica-Rome, NY (ABC) begins broadcasting
1971 WDRB TV channel 41 in Louisville, Kentucky (IND) begins broadcasting
1983 Final TV episode of “M*A*S*H”, a 2-hour special directed by series star Alan Alda titled “Goodbye, Farewell, and Amen”, airs (CBS); record 125 million watch in the US

1728 George Frideric Handel‘s opera “Siroe, re di Persia” premieres in London
1819 1st public performance of a Franz Schubert‘s song “Schäfers Klageleid”
1862 Charles Gounod’s opera “La Reine de Saba” premieres in Paris
1888 Vincent d’Indy’s Wallenstein-trilogy, premieres
1904 Vincent d’Indy’s 2nd Symphony in B, premieres
1920 Maurice Ravel‘s orchestral suite “Le tombeau de Couperin” premieres in Paris
1925 “Tea For Two” by Marion Harris hits #1
1950 “Alive & Kicking” closes at Winter Garden Theater NYC after 46 performances

1844 6th Grand National: John Crickmere wins aboard 5/1 co-favourite Discount
1849 11th Grand National: Tom Cunningham wins aboard 20/1 Peter Simple; 2nd consecutive year there are 3 equine fatalities during the race
1903 Barney Dreyfuss & James Potter buy Philadelphia Phillies for $170,000
1904 Football club Sport Lisboa (Benfica) founded in Lisbon, Portugal
1906 Stanley Cup: Ottawa HC beats Queen’s University (Kingston, ON), 12-7 for a 2-0 sweep of challenge series
1912 Australian batting great Victor Trumper scores 50 in his final Test innings in 5th Test loss v England at Sydney Cricket Ground
1925 Longest win streak in Toronto Maple Leaf history (9 games)
1929 Chic Black Hawks lose record NHL 15th straight game at home

A Celtic knot (also called Icovellavna) is an endless knot design that turns in on itself that originated with the Celtic people. When created in the shape of a shield, it is used as a symbol for protection used to ward off negative energy. These are often used as tattoos or jewelry designs that can be worn for protection.
Represents: the four elements.
Used in rituals for: protection.
Thanks to a meme with a tree, people talking about whether or not things are “witchcraft” vs “pagan.” It’s obvious that there are a lot of people who are confused as to the differences, and I feel that I have some sense of understanding of how this happened. It’s a complicated and lengthy topic with lots of history, background, subtopics, and more than a little bit of ranting about why so many terms became confused with each other, but I’ll do my best to explain it as succinctly as I can.
Let’s start by getting into the definitions and descriptions of these terms.
Witchcraft is types of magic practiced by witches. There are many, many different traditions and practices of witchcraft out there both in the modern day and historically. Pagan is both an adjective and a noun that very broadly describes (often too broadly imho) various spiritual practices which are either are, and/or inspired by, pre-Christian practices. You don’t have to be pagan in order to be a witch–or to practice magic in general. In fact, a lot of witches are either not pagan at all or don’t use the label for themselves. I’m personally one. I will default to it if I have to in order to be understood in certain circles, but it’s not a label I feel accurately describes me. I prefer to describe myself as either a polytheist or a polytheistic witch instead.
Now, about that label of “witchcraft”. Witches aren’t restricted from certain religions or beliefs, or a lack thereof. Witches can be Christian, Jewish, Muslim, and/or atheist. To be a witch, you practice witchcraft. It’s a label best described as DOING vs belief… click here to read the rest of this article
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