A WELL-MEANING MOTHER AND MORE HUMOR

A WELL-MEANING MOTHER AND MORE HUMOR

Grins and Groans from The Old Farmer’s Almanac.

Sometimes, it’s mothers who say the darnedest things. Try not to roll your eyes too hard at this edition of Humor Me!

A MOTHER’S LETTER TO HER SON

Dear Stanley,

I write to let you know that I am still alive. I am writing as slowly as I can, as I know you don’t read fast.

You won’t know the house when you come home—we moved. We had trouble moving, especially the bed—the man wouldn’t let us take it in the taxi, and we were afraid that we might wake your father.

Your father has a nice new job, and very responsible. He has about 500 people under him—he cuts the grass at the cemetery.

Our neighbors, the Browns, started keeping pigs. We got wind of it yesterday.

I got my appendix out and a dishwasher put in. There is a washing machine in the new house here, but it don’t work too good. Last week, I put 14 shirts in it and pulled that chain. They whirled around real good, but then disappeared.

Your uncle Pat drowned last week in a whiskey vat at the distillery. Four of his workmates dived in to save him, but he fought them off bravely. We cremated the body the next day and just got the fire out this morning.

I went to the doctor with your father last week. The doctor put a small glass tube with a red line in it in my mouth and told me not to open it for 10 minutes. Your father wanted to buy it from him.

It rained only twice last week—once for 3 days and once for 4 days. Monday was so windy that our chicken laid the same egg four times.

Your loving mother,

Stella

MOTHER’S DAY JOKES

Sunday school teacher: Tell me, Johnny. Do you say prayers before eating?
Johnny: No, ma’am, I don’t have to. My mom’s a good cook.

Dan: What did the mother bullet say to the daddy bullet?
Ryan: What?
Dan: We’re gonna have a BB!”

Jack: Why did the monster’s mother knit him three socks?
Bill:  I have no idea. Why?
Jack: She heard he grew another foot!

Elephant: Why do mother kangaroos hate rainy days?
Hippo: I give up.
Elephant: Because their kids have to play inside!

Robbie: Larry’s mother had four children. Three were named North, South and West. What was her other child’s name?
Bobbie: East?
Robbie: No. Larry.

Mother to son: I’m warning you. If you fall out of that tree and break both your legs, don’t come running to me!

BABY TALK

“Uncle John,” said little Emily, “did you hear that a baby that was fed on elephant’s milk gained 200 pounds in one week?”

“Nonsense! Impossible! Whose baby was it?”

“The elephant’s.”

 

Source: The Old Farmer’s Almanac

The Fear of Witchcraft c. 2016

The Fear of Witchcraft

Author: Crick

I have often wondered why there is so much fear and hatred of witches and witchcraft in general. For generations, there have been negative and misleading interpretations of witches and the path of witchcraft. And it continues to this very day in a society where folks have had ample time to overcome such misunderstandings and fear of such a viable and interesting path.

Witchcraft has been in existence since the beginning of humankind. It came about as a natural progression in an attempt to understand and influence those forces around us, which in many ways are an extension of what we know as life but which often exceeds our ability to fully comprehend.

As such, fear was often an accompanying component of witchcraft due to the unknowns one had to venture into in order to follow this unique path. Somewhere along the human chain of existence, such fears of the unknown also led to the creation of religions. All religions were/are created by a desire of the few to have in place a structure of understanding the mysteries of life as they, the creators of whatever religion, perceived them.

In order to provide a signature, if you will, to their particular brand of beliefs, they also instituted a rigid format we know as dogma. This format spells out the boundaries that one is required to adhere to, in order to identify with that particular religion. Dogma spells out the way one is to think and the beliefs that they are expected to adhere to. There is very little room for questioning the content of such beliefs within a particular religion. To do so is often considered heresy and can lead to the expulsion of one from the religion that is being exposed to such questioning.

“Faith” is often the word used to deter folks from seeking to find answers that cannot be satisfactorily explained to those seeking a deeper comprehension of their chosen religion. While the majority of the 400 plus religions in the world (the vast majority of which were created by men) are content to display their beliefs/dogma and to let those who identify with such beliefs to voluntarily become members of their flock, there are, unfortunately, some religions which chose to employ apologists to draw members to their beliefs. They also turned to intimidation and in some cases, extreme violence which, at times, led to death of those who chose a different religion or spiritual path.

As a validation of such means, they chose witchcraft as the antithesis of their beliefs and used this as a means to further validate their unbridled attempts to control the hearts and minds of their fellow humans. And this is where religion and the path of witchcraft splits into divergent mindsets.

As already noted, religions of all types share a common ground. They provide a structured means of thought and action in order to approach the unknowns and the uncertainties of life. In short, religions create a sense of security for those folks who are unable or unwilling to face the unknown.

Witchcraft on the other hand encourages one to actively face the unknown. As humans we are limited in our knowledge of the great scheme of things. But as a witch, one is very aware that there are in fact beings, realms and forces that are just beyond our comprehension and at times our awareness. To actively seek an understanding of the great mysteries of life, effectively moves one beyond the control of fellow humans and thus dogma serves as a barrier. By removing such barriers, one becomes free of the fetters of a religion by becoming a free thinker and a true spiritual seeker.

And the removal of such dogmas is seen as anathema to those religions who see control of the human mind and soul as necessary for the validation of their particular religion. Witchcraft involves embracing one’s fear of the unknown and seeking out answers and experiences that are not of the societal norm. As such, I personally see fear not as a impediment but rather as an initiator, a desire to understand the reason for such fear. For knowledge is the key to opening the door of wisdom. This is not to say that religion is wrong for all folks. For those who are content to follow a structured way of approaching life, well, a religion may well be the path for you. But for those that want to expand their consciousness and spiritual experience, then perhaps witchcraft is the path to follow.

Unfortunately, the mindset of this world that we live in does not allow the freedom of choice for two such divergent approaches to the mysteries of life. Why do certain religions need to display such hatred and misunderstanding towards a path that seeks to think outside of the box that they have created for their man-made beliefs?

The insecurities that has led to the creation of religions, especially those religions which rely upon and which need absolute control of the mindset of their members, leaves no room for alternative mindsets such as witchcraft. However, it is ironic to note that those who engage in witchcraft are not focused on attacking members of any particular religions. We choose instead to focus on on pursuit of metaphysical knowledge, which should not be confused with the propaganda and outright lies that have been proffered by those who oppose the mental and spiritual freedoms that witchcraft offers.

As long as such insecurities by certain religions continue to play a dominant role in their dogma, well, the fear and misunderstanding of witchcraft will continue.

In closing, contrary to popular belief, witchcraft is not for everyone. It is not a path that can or should be engaged in superficially. But for those that devote themselves to the desire to understand mysteries just beyond one’s ken, well the spiritual rewards can be many indeed.
But keep in mind as well that such a path can also contain many pitfalls. For a witch is travelling along unknown roads, and it is only through trial and indeed error that one can grow via such a path. Which in turn brings us full circle to the fear factor that lies at the base of the misunderstandings of witchcraft…

Some of the Witchcraft/Magickal Correspondence for Thursday

(YOU CAN COPY AND PASTE ANY COROSPONDENCES POSTED TO A DOCUMENT TO PRINT AND/OR SAVE ON YOUR COMPUTER)

Thursday Source: flyingthehedge.com

Taking its name from the Norse god Thor, this is a great day to work magic regarding growth, expansion, prosperity, business, abundance, and success. See my prosperity candle magic spell.
Color: Royal blue, green, purple
Planet: Jupiter
Deities: Thor, Zeus, Jupiter, Juno
Crystals: Turquoise, amethyst, lapis lazuli
Herbs: Honeysuckle, oak, cinquefoil
Associations: Honor, loyalty, harvest, prosperity, abundance, wealth, healing

Thursday Source: spells8.com

Candle

Light a green candle to promote growth, fertility and abundance. Meditating with a green candle encourages us to improve in personal projects such as studies, work and self-development. It is great for casting prosperity or good luck spells, and also when invoking the healing energies of Nature.

Ruling Deities

Cernunnos, Gaia, Osiris, Pan, Poseidon and Zeus are rulers of Thursdays.

Crystals

Amethyst, Lapis Lazuli, Turquoise, Tiger’s Eye, and Sugilite.

Carrying these gemstones today can bring success and fulfillment of your goals. Wear them as a talisman or simply keep them close to you to harness their energy.

Potion

Drink a cup of Green Tea today to strengthen your focus. Green tea is loaded with beneficial antioxidants, and, besides caffeine, green tea contains aminoacids that help boost brain function. It has a large amount of L-theanine, an amino acid that is beneficial for memory, attention, concentration and learning.

23 October 2024 Current Moon Phase and Planetary Positions for the Southern Hemisphere

Source: nineplanets.org

The current moon phase for October 23rd, 2024 is the Waning Gibbous phase.

On this day, the moon is 20.04 days old and 63.1% illuminated with a tilt of -42.643°. The approximate distance from Earth to the moon is 383,567.93 km and the moon sign is Cancer.

The Moon phase for October 23rd, 2024 is a Waning Gibbous phase. This is the first phase after the Full Moon where the illumination of the moon decreases each day until it reaches 50% (the Last Quarter phase).

The waning (shrinking) gibbous Moon will rise after sunset in the east, transit the meridian after midnight, before setting after sunrise in the west.

During this phase, the illumination of the moon will go down from 99.% to 50.1%. Technically, the phase starts as soon as the Full Moon has passed, but it can be difficult to calculate and differentiate the first stage of a Waning Gibbous Moon from a Full Moon when 98-99% of the Moon’s surface is illuminated.

Fun fact: the word Gibbous was first used in the 14th century and comes from the latin word gibbosus which means humpbacked.

Phase Details

Phase: Waning Gibbous

Moon age: 20.04 days

Moon illumination: 63.1%

Moon tilt: -42.643°

Moon angle: 0.52

Moon distance: 383,567.93 km

Moon sign: Cancer

Source: currentplanetarypositions.com

Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

23 October 2024
02:00 am GMT 12:00 PM AEST
Zodiac: Tropical (Standard Western)

Sun:00 Scorpio 09
Moon:15 Cancer 13
Mercury:14 Scorpio 25
Venus:06 Sagittarius 22
Mars:25 Cancer 22
Jupiter:21 Gemini 01 Rx
Saturn:13 Pisces 10 Rx
Uranus:26 Taurus 14 Rx
Neptune:27 Pisces 41 Rx
Pluto:29 Capricorn 40

True Lunar Node:06 Aries 24 Rx
Mean Lunar Node:05 Aries 12 Rx

Lilith (Black Moon):12 Libra 49

Chiron:20 Aries 50 Rx
Ceres:15 Capricorn 52
Pallas:15 Sagittarius 02
Juno:26 Libra 02
Vesta:28 Virgo 01

Eris:24 Aries 53 Rx

Fire:6
Earth:4
Air:3
Water:6
Cardinal:10
Fixed:3
Mutable:6

Cape Town, South Africa

23 October 2024
10:00 am GMT 12:00 PM SAST
Zodiac: Tropical (Standard Western)

Sun:00 Scorpio 29
Moon:19 Cancer 36
Mercury:14 Scorpio 56
Venus:06 Sagittarius 46
Mars:25 Cancer 30
Jupiter:21 Gemini 00 Rx
Saturn:13 Pisces 09 Rx
Uranus:26 Taurus 14 Rx
Neptune:27 Pisces 41 Rx
Pluto:29 Capricorn 40

True Lunar Node:06 Aries 24 Rx
Mean Lunar Node:05 Aries 11 Rx

Lilith (Black Moon):12 Libra 51

Chiron:20 Aries 49 Rx
Ceres:15 Capricorn 57
Pallas:15 Sagittarius 10
Juno:26 Libra 09
Vesta:28 Virgo 11

Eris:24 Aries 53 Rx

Fire:6
Earth:4
Air:3
Water:6
Cardinal:10
Fixed:3
Mutable:6

Easter Island, Chile

23 October 2024
06:00 pm GMT 12:00 PM EAST
Zodiac: Tropical (Standard Western)

Sun:00 Scorpio 49
Moon:23 Cancer 55
Mercury:15 Scorpio 26
Venus:07 Sagittarius 10
Mars:25 Cancer 39
Jupiter:20 Gemini 59 Rx
Saturn:13 Pisces 08 Rx
Uranus:26 Taurus 13 Rx
Neptune:27 Pisces 40 Rx
Pluto:29 Capricorn 40

True Lunar Node:06 Aries 23 Rx
Mean Lunar Node:05 Aries 10 Rx

Lilith (Black Moon):12 Libra 53

Chiron:20 Aries 48 Rx
Ceres:16 Capricorn 03
Pallas:15 Sagittarius 17
Juno:26 Libra 16
Vesta:28 Virgo 20

Eris:24 Aries 53 Rx

Fire:6
Earth:4
Air:3
Water:6
Cardinal:10
Fixed:3
Mutable:6

October 22, 2024 Current Moon Phase and Planetary Positions for the Northern Hemispheres

Source: nineplanets.org

The current moon phase for October 22nd, 2024 is the Waning Gibbous phase.

On this day, the moon is 19 days old and 73.63% illuminated with a tilt of -49.905°. The approximate distance from Earth to the moon is 377,054.40 km and the moon sign is Cancer.

The Moon phase for October 22nd, 2024 is a Waning Gibbous phase. This is the first phase after the Full Moon where the illumination of the moon decreases each day until it reaches 50% (the Last Quarter phase).

The waning (shrinking) gibbous Moon will rise after sunset in the east, transit the meridian after midnight, before setting after sunrise in the west.

During this phase, the illumination of the moon will go down from 99.% to 50.1%. Technically, the phase starts as soon as the Full Moon has passed, but it can be difficult to calculate and differentiate the first stage of a Waning Gibbous Moon from a Full Moon when 98-99% of the Moon’s surface is illuminated.

Fun fact: the word Gibbous was first used in the 14th century and comes from the latin word gibbosus which means humpbacked.

Phase Details

Phase: Waning Gibbous

Moon age: 19 days

Moon illumination: 73.63%

Moon tilt: -49.905°

Moon angle: 0.53

Moon distance: 377,054.40 km

Moon sign: Cancer

Source: currentplanetarypositions.com

London, England

22 October 2024
11:00 am GMT 12:00 PM BST
Zodiac: Tropical (Standard Western)

Sun:29 Libra 32
Moon:06 Cancer 54
Mercury:13 Scorpio 29
Venus:05 Sagittarius 37
Mars:25 Cancer 06
Jupiter:21 Gemini 03 Rx
Saturn:13 Pisces 12 Rx
Uranus:26 Taurus 16 Rx
Neptune:27 Pisces 42 Rx
Pluto:29 Capricorn 40

True Lunar Node:06 Aries 25 Rx
Mean Lunar Node:05 Aries 14 Rx

Lilith (Black Moon):12 Libra 45

Chiron:20 Aries 52 Rx
Ceres:15 Capricorn 43
Pallas:14 Sagittarius 48
Juno:25 Libra 49
Vesta:27 Virgo 44

Eris:24 Aries 53 Rx

Fire:6
Earth:4
Air:4
Water:5
Cardinal:11
Fixed:2
Mutable:6

Chicago, Illinois

22 October 2024
05:00 pm GMT 12:00 PM CDT
Zodiac: Tropical (Standard Western)

Sun:29 Libra 47
Moon:10 Cancer 15
Mercury:13 Scorpio 51
Venus:05 Sagittarius 55
Mars:25 Cancer 13
Jupiter:21 Gemini 02 Rx
Saturn:13 Pisces 11 Rx
Uranus:26 Taurus 15 Rx
Neptune:27 Pisces 42 Rx
Pluto:29 Capricorn 40

True Lunar Node:06 Aries 25 Rx
Mean Lunar Node:05 Aries 13 Rx

Lilith (Black Moon):12 Libra 46

Chiron:20 Aries 51 Rx
Ceres:15 Capricorn 46
Pallas:14 Sagittarius 54
Juno:25 Libra 54
Vesta:27 Virgo 51

Eris:24 Aries 53 Rx

Fire:6
Earth:4
Air:4
Water:5
Cardinal:11
Fixed:2
Mutable:6

Los Angels, California

22 October 2024
07:00 pm GMT 12:00 PM PDT
Zodiac: Tropical (Standard Western)

Sun:29 Libra 52
Moon:11 Cancer 22
Mercury:13 Scorpio 59
Venus:06 Sagittarius 01
Mars:25 Cancer 15
Jupiter:21 Gemini 02 Rx
Saturn:13 Pisces 11 Rx
Uranus:26 Taurus 15 Rx
Neptune:27 Pisces 42 Rx
Pluto:29 Capricorn 40

True Lunar Node:06 Aries 24 Rx
Mean Lunar Node:05 Aries 13 Rx

Lilith (Black Moon):12 Libra 47

Chiron:20 Aries 51 Rx
Ceres:15 Capricorn 48
Pallas:14 Sagittarius 56
Juno:25 Libra 56
Vesta:27 Virgo 53

Eris:24 Aries 53 Rx

Fire:6
Earth:4
Air:4
Water:5
Cardinal:11
Fixed:2
Mutable:6

October 22, 2024 Daily Horoscopes

Click here to read Georgia Nicols Daily, Weekly and Monthly Horoscopes

Click here for Anyone’s Birthday or Daily or Monthly Horoscopes Source: thehoroscope.co

Moon Alert

There are no restrictions to shopping or important decisions today. The Moon is in Cancer.

The Stars Rate Your Day

5-Dynamic; 4-Positive; 3-Average; 2-So-so; 1-Difficult

Aries (March 21-April 19)

*** In the next few weeks, you will feel more passionate and intense about everything. Very likely, you’ll have a greater concern with finances, shared property and anything held jointly with someone else, especially a spouse or business partner.

Taurus (April 20-May 20)

**** The Sun will be opposite your sign for the next several weeks, which means that you will need more rest, more sleep. Be careful about conflicts with the law. Be prepared to cooperate and compromise working with others, especially experts and consultants.

Gemini (May 21-June 20)

*** Suddenly, you’re gung-ho to work hard and be productive! This is why you’ll be proud of what you achieve in the next few weeks. You might also do whatever you can to improve your health because you want to be the best that you can be!

Cancer (June 21-July 22)

**** Lucky you! Today the Sun changes signs, which ushers in a four-week window for you that will be playful, fun-loving and full of opportunities to amuse yourself. Romance is blessed. Enjoy socializing, sports events and fun activities with kids.

Leo (July 23-Aug. 22)

*** Your focus on home, family and your private life will increase in the next few weeks. Welcome opportunities to cocoon at home and enjoy some down time in familiar surroundings. Some of you will be involved more than usual with a parent.

Virgo (Aug. 23-Sept. 22)

**** Fasten your seatbelt because the pace of your days will accelerate in the next several weeks because you have people to see, things to do and places to go! Short trips, appointments, errands plus, increased involvement with siblings and relatives, as well as reading, writing and studying will keep you busy!

Libra (Sept. 23-Oct. 22)

*** In the next few weeks, you might be more contemplative and philosophical about your values. You will give more thought to what really matters to you. At a more mundane level, you will also think more about money, resources and possessions and how you can best use them in your life.

Scorpio (Oct. 23-Nov. 21)

***** Today the Sun enters your sign where it will stay for the next four weeks. This happens only once a year and when it occurs, it means that your chance to recharge your batteries for the rest of year. You will project yourself with energy! You will be empowered!

Sagittarius (Nov. 22-Dec. 21)

*** As your birthday approaches, this means your personal year is coming to an end. Therefore, the next several weeks are the perfect time to think about what you want for your new year ahead (birthday to birthday). Ideas? How do you want your new year to be different from last year?

Capricorn (Dec. 22-Jan. 19)

**** Your popularity will increase in the next few weeks because you’ll be more involved with friends, groups and organizations. This is a good time to examine the role these people play in your life. Remember: Your friends influence your decisions, which in turn, create your future.

Aquarius (Jan. 20-Feb. 18)

**** Starting today, the Sun will be at the top of your chart for the next four weeks symbolically casting you in its spotlight, which is flattering. This means you look good to everyone especially bosses and VIPs, even if you don’t do anything different. Obviously, you can use this to your advantage!

Pisces (Feb. 19-March 20)

**** Do what you can to expand your horizons in the next few weeks. Study or take courses. Travel if possible. Mingle with people from different backgrounds and other cultures so that you can learn more. Legal and religious matters might be a focus.

If Your Birthday Is Today

Actor Jesse Tyler Ferguson (1975) shares your birthday today. You are socially energetic. You also have a direct, honest, forthright quality that others respect. You are selective about your choices in life. Simplicity is the key to your world this year. It’s also time to take charge of your health. Stay grounded and levelheaded. Exercise will be important.

Aries (March 21-April 19)

You are exploring certain boundaries in your relationships with people around you and you tend to test how much they react to certain actions of yours and how much exactly it is permitted of you.

At the same time, you are too busy with these mind games to really observe what you are missing out on and maybe what trouble is brewing.

You can also read this special Aries Daily Horoscope.

Taurus (April 20-May 20)

You are in quite a romantic and playful disposition but also impatient and very quick to snap if things don’t go in the direction you want them to.

What it is important to note is that your friends will be there for you to support and you can resort to them whenever you feel at your wits end with your partner or those in your family.

You can also read this special Taurus Daily Horoscope.

Gemini (May 21-June 20)

A busy day ahead with some difficult tasks that you will have to deal with but also with some rewards if you keep a positive attitude about it.

It is more than obvious that you will have to work in collaboration with your colleagues to accomplish certain goals but this time maybe you shouldn’t be all that disappointed about it.

You can also read this special Gemini Daily Horoscope.

Cancer (June 21-July 22)

You have a positive attitude about you and seem to tackle all activities in a good mood. However, it seems that the spark is blinking towards extinction and your patience is numbered.

You like certain things but others are already getting on your nerves. Even some tasks that you used to enjoy are not what they were before.

You can also read this special Cancer Daily Horoscope.

Leo (July 23-Aug. 22)

You have your eyes on the prize for a while, as they say, but when was the last time you checked that was your true interest.

Things are gradually changing for you with each experience and each teachable moment and even your expectations have changed so maybe you should regroup yourself and think about where you stand.

You can also read this special Leo Daily Horoscope.

Virgo (Aug. 23-Sept. 22)

You shouldn’t let your feelings, no matter how big or how old, cloud your judgment. You might have found a few new things but maybe you should let them sink in before you decide to act upon them.

Other than that, you are quite focused so maybe if you have something to study or research, this might be a good time for that.

You can also read this special Virgo Daily Horoscope.

Libra (Sept. 23-Oct. 22)

You need to keep yourself cold blooded, even in the middle of the most emotional family discussion because you have more to lose and to compromise if you are not objective enough.

Those around you will take advantage of this sensibility of yours a lot easier than in other occasions so this is why you shouldn’t let your guard down.

You can also read this special Libra Daily Horoscope.

Scorpio (Oct. 23-Nov. 21)

It’s not the case to panic but I am telling you this is going to be a difficult day with a lot of things following one after each other in a very dynamic way and you won’t be able to take a proper breath.

And to make things worse, you might have to catch up for something in the past as well and it will take you a while to remember those things.

You can also read this special Scorpio Daily Horoscope.

Sagittarius (Nov. 22-Dec. 21)

You benefit from some sort of interior peace this Tuesday, something you haven’t felt for a while. It will help you relax but also make room in your mind for new plans.

Might even come up with some new ideas. Unfortunately it might also reveal some things that are not going that great in your life and might bring some unhappiness to someone close.

You can also read this special Sagittarius Daily Horoscope.

Capricorn (Dec. 22-Jan. 19)

An interesting Tuesday in terms of the challenges you are set to go through and in how you are going to resist all kinds of temptations.

You need to keep certain feelings under control but at the same time, think twice before you indulge, chances are that in your moments of weakness you will hurt those close rather than yourself.

You can also read this special Capricorn Daily Horoscope.

Aquarius (Jan. 20-Feb. 18)

You are enjoying a position of high standard but maybe you are not really aware of all the responsibilities that have come with it.

Your goals are contouring and you seem agile enough to summon the right people for them. Don’t let your guard down though because the hard times are yet to come.

You can also read this special Aquarius Daily Horoscope.

Pisces (Feb. 19-March 20)

Some travel opportunities expected, some are far distance for some natives while others include just small visits in places you’ve already been.

It seems that the stars want to see you in movement, chasing after something and in no way spending time in your comfort zone. Even if you do spend time at home, expect some excitement.

You can also read this special Pisces Daily Horoscope.

Witchcraft

Despite a generation of excellent research, the history of witchcraft remains bedeviled by a host of misperceptions. Ordinary readers often assume that the major witch-hunts occurred in the Middle Ages, that they were conducted by the Catholic Church, and that they reflected the prescientific notions and sexual fantasies of fanatics and neurotics. Elsewhere one can read that huge chain reaction witch trials constituted a “women’s holocaust” accounting for millions of deaths, and that the witch-hunters especially targeted midwives and female healers. All of these conclusions are both wrong and misleading. The great age of witchcraft trials came after 1430, and primarily after 1570. The prosecuting magistrates were almost always secular officials, imbued with the best thinking of prominent theologians, philosophers, and even scientists. The numbers of those executed have often been exaggerated by a factor of one or two hundred. Men made up perhaps a quarter of those executed, and there is little evidence that midwives or healers were singled out for suspicion anywhere. But historical prejudices are hard to uproot.

UNDERSTANDINGS OF WITCHCRAFT

Depending on one’s definition, various histories of witchcraft are defensible. It was once common, for example, to understand the crime of witchcraft as consisting essentially of having a pact with the devil, an agreement in which one exchanged one’s eternal soul for monstrous powers. Such a crime of diabolism had not existed in the ancient world and only slowly emerged from the medieval campaign against magic and heresy, especially against medieval heretics such as the Cathars and Waldensians, groups who challenged both Catholic doctrines and papal jurisdiction. By the late fourteenth century, however, canon lawyers, prominent inquisitors, learned academics, and several popes came to agree that by means of a contract with the devil, whether explicit or only implicit, a magician might work genuine harm in this world. These theorists also gradually worked out a composite view of all the different sorts of crimes and activities their heresy involved. It was increasingly believed that witch-heretics flew off to a “sabbath” where they renounced their Christian faith and baptism, worshipped the devil, danced together, and enjoyed a cannibalistic feast, devouring children whom they had killed while using their fat or other body parts to make loathsome potions. They were also thought to receive instruction in working harmful magic by which they might destroy their neighbors’ crops, interfere with the fertility of their cattle, and with the sex lives of those around them. Most luridly, witches were thought to have sexual relations with the devil or with lesser demons. During the fifteenth century large numbers of heretical “witches” or sorcerers began to be discovered, and increasingly they were women.

Another definition of witchcraft emphasizes the continuity of magical practices that witches had used in the West ever since classical times and the similarities between such practices and those found all around the world. On such an understanding, witchcraft is the belief in and use of unusual, secret, or even supernatural forces in order to force or promote specific desired ends. The ancient Greeks had believed in such magic but had not seen it as much of a daily threat. They originally thought that “magic” (mageia) was the strange, foreign religious practice of Persian priests (the magi) and of beggars or other dishonorable Greeks. Magic seemed both alien and disreputable. In Greek literature, the figure of the witch included characters such as Circe and Medea, women who used destructive magic to express their anger, lust, and frustration, but magic does not seem to have been a prominent fear among the Greeks. With the ancient Romans, however, harmful magic (maleficium) was forbidden in the earliest set of laws (the Twelve Tables, 451 B. C.E.) and was punished with increasing severity. The Roman historian Livy (History 39.41.5 and 40.43.2f) recounts episodes when apparently thousands of persons were executed by jittery judicial officials, and, in the late first century C.E., the Romans began to crack down on fraudulent magicae vanitates (‘worthless magic’), practices that included healing, divination, and astrology. Thus, this understanding of witchcraft did not require a devil or a pact but insisted on the dangers lurking in the hidden practices of lustful and vengeful witches.

A third notion of witchcraft may be found in the injunctions of the Old Testament, in which the authors of Exodus, Leviticus, Deuteronomy, and Kings, for example, forbade necromancy and divination, practices that competed with the rituals of the Levites and sacrificial priests while also Click here to read the rest of this article Source: encyclopedia.com

Merry Meet Dear Sisters, Brothers, and Friends, Welcome to WOTC! A Thought for Today


I’m up early but frankly don’t feel like working today. Partly because I’m in a lazy mood but mostly because it’s Big Dawg’s birthday. I’ll be here tomorrow.
If you want to see some information on any tradition of witchcraft, please put it in the comment section or email Lady Carla Beltane at ladybeltane@witchesofthecraft.com. I will try to find some information to post about it.
May your and your family’s lives be filled with all things positive!
Blessed be.