202 BC Battle of Zama: Hannibal Barca and the Carthaginian army are defeated by Roman legions under Scipio Africanus, ending 2nd Punic War
1781 British forces under General Charles Cornwallis sign terms of surrender to George Washington and Comte de Rochambeau at Yorktown at 2 pm, ending the US Revolutionary War
1926 Russian Politburo throws out Leon Trotsky and his followers
1943 Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University in Pistcaway, New Jersey
1987 Black Monday: Stock markets around the world crash, including the Dow Jones stock index, which falls 508.32 points (22%), 4½ times the previous daily record
2015 US scientists from University of California find evidence life on earth may have begun 4.1 billion years ago, 300 million earlier than previously thought

202 BC Battle of Zama: Hannibal Barca and the Carthaginian army are defeated by Roman legions under Scipio Africanus, ending 2nd Punic War
439 The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in North Africa
615 Pope Deusdedit [Adeodatus I] elected to succeed Boniface IV as Catholic Pope
1031 Abbot Humbertus van Echternach opens grave of Saint Willibrord
1216 King John of England dies at Newark-on-Trent and is succeeded by his nine-year-old son Henry III
1298 Rindfleisch-140 Jews of Heilbron Germany are murdered
1330 17-year-old English King Edward III captures his mother’s lover and the country’s de facto ruler Roger Mortimer at Nottingham Castle (later has him hanged)
1453 French retake Bordeaux following the Battle of Castillon

1943 Theater Guild presentation of Shakespeare’s “Othello”, starring Paul Robeson, opens at the Shubert Theater, NYC; runs for 296 performances
1953 Singer Julius LaRosa is fired on TV by Arthur Godfrey
1954 KAKE TV channel 10 in Wichita, KS (ABC) begins broadcasting
1960 KWCS (now KOOG) TV channel 30 in Ogden, UT (IND) begins broadcasting
1973 Ringo Starr releases music single “Photograph” in the UK
1988 US Senate passes bill curbing ads during children’s TV shows
1990 “Dances with Wolves” directed by Kevin Costner and starring Kevin Costner and Mary McDonnell premieres in Washington, D.C. (Academy Awards Best Picture 1991)
2018 “Halloween” film reboot starring Jamie Curtis makes a record $77m for a horror film with a female lead, biggest debut any film with female lead over 55 in US

1845 Richard Wagner‘s opera “Tannhäuser” premieres in Dresden
1901 Edward Elgar‘s “Pomp & Circumstance March” premieres in Liverpool, England
1948 “My Romance” opens at Shubert Theater NYC for 95 performances
1957 “Damn Yankees” closes at 46th St Theater NYC after 1,022 performances
1969 Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick’s musical “The Rothschilds”, starring Halden, Jill Clayburgh, and Robby Benson opens at Lunt-Fontanne Theatre, NYC; runs for 505 performances, winning 2 Tony Awards
1972 “Mother Earth” opens at Belasco Theater NYC for 12 performances
1975 “A Chorus Line”, held record longest-running Broadway show (6,137 performances), premieres on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre in New York
1986 Joe Raposa’s musical “Raggedy Ann: The Musical Adventure”, starring Ivy Austin, closes at Nederlander Theater, NYC, after 5 performances

1923 Ban Johnson persuades AL owners to prohibit boxing in their parks
1932 Jimmie Foxx wins AL MVP and Chuck Klein wins NL MVP
1933 Berlin Olympic Committee vote to introduce basketball in 1936
1941 1st woman jockey in North America, Anna Lee Wiley in Mexico
1943 New York Yankee 2nd baseman Joe Gordon announces his retirement
1949 A’s trade 2nd baseman Nellie Fox to White Sox for Joe Tipton
1957 Montreal Canadien Maurice “Rocket” Richard, becomes the 1st NHLer to score 500 goals
1958 Stirling Moss wins season ending Moroccan Grand Prix at Ain-Diab but fellow Brit Mike Hawthorn takes World Drivers Championship from Moss by just 1 point by finishing second; first British world champion
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