45 BC The Julian calendar takes effect for the first time
630 Prophet Muhammad sets out with an army 10,000 strong to conquer Mecca
1758 The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature establish the “starting point” for standardized species names across the animal kingdom, based on the binomial nomenclature by Carolus Linnaeus 10th edition of Systema Naturae
1863 Emancipation Proclamation issued by Abraham Lincoln to free slaves in US confederate states
1892 Ellis Island opens as a US immigration inspection station – it would go on to be the gateway to the US for more than 12 million people
1896 German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen announces his discovery of x-rays
1958 European Economic Community, better known as the European Common Market starts operation

153 BC Roman consuls begin their year in office
45 BC The Julian calendar takes effect for the first time
1 Origin of the Christian Era
69 Roman garrison of Mainz uprising
89 Governor Lucius Antonius Saturninus of Germany becomes emperor of Rome
104 Triumphal procession for the Roman General Gaius Marius with the defeated Numidian King Jugurtha led in chains though Rome
177 Commodus, son of Emperor Marcus Aurelius becomes consul for the first time – at 15 then youngest ever in Roman history
313 Start of Roman (Pontifical) Indiction

1944 1st feature-length foreign movie “African Journey”, shown on TV, NYC
1947 WTTG TV channel 5 in Washington, D.C. (MET) begins broadcasting
1949 KPRC TV channel 2 in Houston, TX (NBC) begins broadcasting
1949 KTTV TV channel 11 in Los Angeles, CA (MET) begins broadcasting
1953 WBRE TV channel 28 in Wilkes-Barre Scranton, PA (NBC) 1st broadcast
1953 The first TV detector van, used to track down users of unlicensed television sets, begins operation in the UK
1954 KSLA TV channel 12 in Shreveport, LA (CBS) begins broadcasting
1954 WWTV TV channel 9 in Cadillac-Traverse City, MI (CBS) 1st broadcast

1770 Date of action in the opera “Madeleine”
1863 Franz Schubert‘s “Missa Solemnis,” premieres in Leipzig
1879 Johannes Brahms‘ Violin Concerto in D major premieres in Leipzig
1952 Dmitri Shostakovich completes his 5th string quartet
1957 Benjamin Britten‘s ballet “Prince & the Pauper,” premieres in London
1960 Johnny Cash plays first of many free concerts behind bars at San Quentin Prison, California; Merle Haggard among the inmate audience
1962 Beatles’ Decca Records audition is unsuccessful – they are told “guitar groups are on the way out…”
1964 Top of the Pops, British pop music television program premieres; acts performing include Dusty Springfield; The Rolling Stones; Dave Clark Five: The Hollies; Swinging Blue; and The Beatles

1838 1st official horse race in South Australia-Adelaide
1902 1st Rose Bowl, Tournament Park, Pasadena, California: Michigan beats Stanford, 49-0; MVP: Neil Snow, Michigan, FB
1907 Joe Gans lands a devastating right to the head of Canadian challenger Kid Herman to retain his world lightweight boxing title with an 8th round knockout in Tonopah, Nevada
1908 Jack Hobbs makes his international debut in England’s 2nd Test win over Australia at the MCG, scoring 83 and 28 in his two innings. Goes onto become the leading run scorer and century maker in 1st-class cricket history.
1909 American Robert Fowler runs then world record marathon (2:52:45.4) at Yonkers, NY
1910 England cricket underhand bowler George Simpson-Hayward takes 6-43 on debut with underarm lobs in 1st Test against South Africa in Johannesburg; SA wins by 19 runs
1913 Australasian Championships Men’s Tennis, Hastings, NZ: Irishman James Cecil Parke beats Alfred Beamish of England 3-6, 6-3, 1-6, 6-1, 7-5
1916 2nd Rose Bowl, Tournament Park, Pasadena, California: Washington State beats Brown, 14-0; MVP: Carl Dietz, Washington State
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