July 1: Canada Day; Independence Day in Rwanda and Burundi (1962)

• 1770 – Lexell’s Comet passed closer to the Earth than any other comet in recorded history, approaching to a distance of 0.015 AU.
• 1874 – The Remington No. 1 (pictured), the first commercially successful typewriter, went on sale.
• 1963 – The British Government revealed that former MI6 agent Kim Philby had engaged in espionage for the Soviet Union.
• 1999 – Legislative governance of Scotland was transferred from the Scottish Office in Westminster to the Scottish Parliament.
• 2002 – Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937 and DHL Flight 611 collided in mid-air over the towns of Owingen and Überlingen in Germany, killing all 71 people aboard both aircraft.
• 2008 – Rioting erupted in Ulan Bator, Mongolia, in response to allegations of fraud surrounding the recent legislative elections.